My first though is to figure out 4 numbers from 1 to 40 that can be added together to obtain any whole numbers from 1 to 40. So, one of the 4 weights must be 1g, which is the smallest weight. Should the next be 2g? There is only one whole number can be obtained by combining 1g and 2g, which is 3g. What about 3g? The combinations of 1g and 3g give us 2 whole numbers, which are 2g (3g-1g) and 4g (1g+3g). What about 4g? But any combination of 1g and 4g won't give me 2g. Now, 1g and 3g are the two of the 4 weights in my mind. And using a similar pattern, I figure out 9g is one of the 4 weights: Combination of 1, 3, 5: 3-1=2 3+1=4 5-1=4 5-3=2 Obviously, 5g is not a choice since numbers obtained by combining 1,3 and 5 can be obtained by combinations of 1 and 3 as well. New numbers produced by combining 1, 3 and 6 6-1=5 6+1=7 6+3+1=10 Now we have 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 10 New numbers produced by combining 1, 3 and 7 7+3=10 7-1=6 7+1=8 7+3+1=11 7+3-1 7+1-3 Now we have 1...